Since I have advocated for the blanket legalization of drugs in the past and been accused on such occasions, not without reason, of proposing a culture in which heroin is as accessible as nicotine; have been accused likewise, but without reason, of ignoring the near certain increase in use and dependency; have been accused, in other words, of proposing a system amenable to my own hedonism and recreational use at the expense of the real costs of addiction, I suppose I'm obliged to say that the death in my family last week was my brother, who was twenty-six, and who died after an overdose of OxyContin following a year's struggle with addiction.
Let me qualify. His addiction predated the past year, but it was about a year ago that he lost his restaurant job due to pilfering and other work habits of addicts in the hospitality industry, i.e. the hospitality industry. It was at that point that his family sought first to actively intervene by sending him (willingly) to a residential rehab program, then to "separate with love," as the Al-Anon credo puts it, which is to say, remove ourselves from his affairs, cease our monetary and material support, leaving him responsible for his own recovery, and finally, in the last few weeks, reconnecting with him as he seemed to make tentative steps toward addressing his problems. I emphasize seemed. A central tenet of the 12-step movement is that only addicts can recognize other addicts' bullshit, and regrettably, that belief is almost always true.
Of course, Oxycodone is legal with a prescription, but that's a distinction without a difference, as it was illegal for my brother to buy, possess, and presumably sell from time to time. His addiction existed in a curious demimonde wherein the whole treatment and rehab and recovery cultures attempted--I emphasize, attempted--to ignore the plain fact that the disease they were treating, attempting to treat, was a crime, and although making it not a crime might lead to more use, it might also lead to more recovery; it might lead to more regular doses, less adulteration with other substances. It might have meant that my brother didn't have to die in a cheap roadside motel room after a late-night visit to some dealer's ramshackle house.
It is worth noting that the police had staked out that house, and that its inhabitant was a known dealer, and that they watched my brother go in and out but did nothing to stop him, which should tell you something about the Drug War's concern with addiction and its human toll. The transaction was just evidence. His death will ultimately be evidence, I suppose. Evidence. That's all.
In any case, you can't extrapolate a political position or personal philosophy from one occurrence, however close to you, and it would be crass to claim that since my belief in legalization survived the catastrophe of my brother's death, it must have real internal consistency and coherence. Well, hell, or maybe it's just totally deluded. What I want to point out is this: that the very idea of treating "drugs" as a thing about which a society can craft "policy" is totally preposterous, completely absurd. What is your drug policy? What can it possibly mean? The decision to pick up a drink, crush a pill, or do a line, is at last just that, and no law or lack thereof alters this basic and fundamental fact. Addiction is a disease (although like Crispin I have some quibbles with the notion), and the idea that by exerting some kind of totalitarian control on the lived environment we can eradicate it is as foolish as the idea that we can eradicate cancer by labeling every foodstuff and cosmetic.
The 12-step credo is that the catalyst for addiction is the desire for control, and that only by letting go can one begin to recover. There is a lesson in that for the lives of men and nations.
Tuesday, August 04, 2009
Powerlessness
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I am very, very sorry.
That's terrible, I largely agree with you, but I feel some middle ground between a "war" and "laissez faire" is in order for the more addictive ones, particularly the opiates. I don't know, though. Seems to me like any possible approach is naive in one way or another.
And addiction is not a "disease," it's addiction. That's just something doctors (or whoever) came up with to try and remove the stigma associated with the word, which strikes me as reasonable.
I'm so, so sorry. I'm going to call my brother today just to see how he's doing. We don't talk enough, but I love him.
Wow, that's a shame. I got a druggie relative, but as far as I know it just messes up his life rather than threatens it and we don't talk about it much.
Mark Kleiman recently mocked the disease theory of addiction. Then from the perspective of someone who thinks all drugs should be legal, there's Szasz.
It was precisely because of the religious or cult-like aspect that I was advised by the internet not to attend AA. Since I was a low-frequency high-amplitude binge drinker rather than alcoholic and haven't had issues since, I don't think I missed out.
I have little to add, but this. From seeing how it has affected my father's mother, 4 of his 7 siblings, and several of my cousins, alcohol is the worst drug out there.
Do I think that we should ban it? No. These family members would have found another drug or destructive behavior. And I like to drink beer.
And though IOZ says that I shouldn't extrapolate a personal philosophy, this same logic leads me to think that banning other drugs is likewise foolish.
But perhaps, not having experience with abuse of drugs besides alcohol, I am missing something.
Alcohol hasn't killed any of my family yet, so I can't imagine that pain that you feel now IOZ. Best to you and your family.
I'm really, really sorry dude.
Well, addiction has all the hallmarks of what we would call a "syndrome." Perhaps "a sickness" is a better way to put it in plain Engoish. In any case, there is plainly a genetic component involved; it appears to be heritable; people have different rates of susceptibility; etc. I would agree that it is not a disease in the strictest sense of the word, but the argument seems to me to be almost wholly semantic.
"Plain English," that is, and thanks for your sympathies.
wow, dude. i'm sorry to hear about your brother. i'll be thinking of you and your family.
i'm for a system amenable to my own hedonism where i don't have to look over my shoulder for big brother when i go to buy weed. as the decision whether to use drugs should be a personal one, 'how to best deal with addiction,' also seems like something better left to people rather than state power. if you really must have an enormous state meddling in the personal affairs of addicts, it would seem a better fit under healthcare rather than criminal justice.
I'm deeply sorry for your loss.
I have a younger brother who was on campus the day of the Virginia Tech shootings - thankfully, unhurt and unaffected. But reading the comments of the illiterati that followed (John Derbyshire stands out in my memory) reduced me to such incoherent rage that I could barely string a sentence together. And my brother survived that. I can't imagine how I'd react if he hadn't.
Your ability to speak with your usual profundity in the face of such personal tragedy is a gift. Please keep fighting the good fight.
My condolences. Please take care of yourself.
Stay strong, monsieur. I wish you and your family well.
JUST BECAUSE HE'S BEREAVED DOESN'T
MEAN HE'S A SAP!
You and your family have my sincere condolences. Thank you for continuing to inspire us even in times of grief.
"'how to best deal with addiction,' also seems like something better left to people rather than state power."
Yes, but once addicted the means to deal (money time etc) quickly disappear, and that I think the government should make some attempt to provide.
You know, actually, Mr. Fun, proof of the universal applicability of Lebowski presented itself to me. My dad is of the generation of men that does not weep and is embarrassed to do so, but as he is also a Dude, I was able to drop a "strong men also cry" on him, and we got a bit of a laugh.
I'm terribly sorry, IOZ, and now seems like a good time to express my earnest appreciation for getting to read you most every day for free. There really aren't any words that make these things easier, of course, but I just hope everything else in your life goes smoothly for you while you're grieving.
Monsieur IOZ, I am frankly amazed that you can put together anything coherent right now, let alone something related to your brother's death. While you are right to say that your family's tragedy does not automatically vindicate the view that you already held, it's nonetheless true that nothing in this tragedy validates the prohibitionist narrative either. Your point about the cops {who are allegedly doing this for public safety) not stopping your brother is a poignant one. While my family has not lost anybody to an overdose, we have seen relatives struggle with addiction, and none of them got over their problems because a man with a gun locked them in a cage.
Regarding 12 step programs and some of the criticisms aired here, having seen some relatives deal with addiction via those programs I certainly will not deny that the critics have a point. That said, if you have a serious problem in your life, seeking help from other people who have also dealt with it is hardly a bad move. The key is to keep everything in perspective, and make sure that recovery doesn't control your new life any more than addiction controlled your old life.
That's just awful. Sorry, man.
As for the questionable physiology of addiction, I imagine the distinction is mostly in the understanding of brain function. You can see a tumor, for example, but the firing of the gray matter is still pretty mysterious, even if it's all biology at the basic level.
:-)
Take it easy, Dude--I know
that you will.
I'm so very sorry for your loss...
I don't think addiction is a disease at all. It's a symptom of a disease, if anything. The underlying condition is a mental disorder of some sort, and addicts are self-medicating.
I have countless friends and loved ones who have suffered -- and some have died -- from addiction. Each and every one of them was either unable to cope with the "wounds of life," for lack of a better term, or suffering from bipolar disorder or schizophrenia.
AA and its companion programs do help a little in that it provides a supportive and empathetic environment. I've seen addicts save themselves in a variety of ways -- through working the program, one or more stints in rehab, through "sanctioned" medication, and even through sheer willpower. Unfortunately, I've seen more who have died.
My sister is a meth addict. I haven't seen or spoken to her in more than two years. She doesn't fit the profile of a meth addict at all. She's in her early forties, has an MBA, and had a great job at a great company and was going places. She said she got addicted when she was back in school and all stressed out over her busy life. That's B.S. When she was in her mid-20s, a brand-new undergrad facing the beginning of her professional life, she had an "episode." A psychiatrist was reluctant to diagnose her as bipolar (it runs extensively through our family) unless there was another incident. Looking back at her life, I always had a low-level concern for her drinking habits, her hipster drug-dabbling years (she used to wear a t-shirt that said "one more line and I really must go."), but I was fooled by her studiousness and her dedication to her career.
Things just got out of hand. She's no different from my friend who takes a strictly controlled regimen of pain killers (Oxycontin, Morphine, Vicodan -- rotated continually to lessen the chances of addiction) for severe and chronic back pain. He's loopy all the time but he's relatively pain-free.
Unless and until my sister treats the underlying disease she will be addicted to meth. Meanwhile, our family has sustained a crippling blow. This situation has taken years off my mother's life. It's been horrible.
Through it all, though, I stand firmly by my convictions that the Drug War is a farce and drugs laws are futile. And when I encounter a person who vehemently disagrees, I tell them to watch the excellent movie "Drug Store Cowboy."
A friend of mine struggles with alcoholism. It used to be, buy a 6-pack, drink a 6-pack. Those were good times. Now it's buy a 12-pack, drink a 12-pack then drive the back roads and get some more. He was forced to go to AA; a for profit organization in Virginia. One meeting they handed out coins or tokens or something like that. They said when the urge to drink took hold, suck on the coin. He's in jail now.
I'm sorry.
"Life's a fucking bitch, son. remember that.", best advice my father gave me on my 18th birthday. That really sucks, IOZ.
I have a friend who is like a brother that is lost to addiction. He went the other way – jail. I heard through a mutual friend that at the end he was homeless, sleeping under bridges and in sheds, burglarizing homes and business and picked up a few weeks ago by the police. He is to be in jail for awhile. Obviously like a brother is quite a bit different than actually a brother and alive in jail differs quite a bit from the grave, so...
The addiction as disease is something I can't get my head around. My aforementioned friend had this insane compulsive behavioral tendency that I thought tied into the nature of his opiate addiction and I never figured it out. The addict has an intense, single minded discipline that I cannot fathom. He is willing to live in the elements, give up friends and family, let his health lapse, and can stay up for days. The discipline of it is beyond me. My friend’s compulsions and intensity manifested in other ways, the heroin addiction was just the most destructive.
My own experience with drugs is that I can go on an intense run for a day and a half, but I just get bored and want to come down and do something else. How anyone can find the motivation to keep it going for several days, weeks, months, etc. is beyond me, but I am not an addict. So, my point is that I see the merit in seeing addiction as something more than a collection of bad/selfish choices, as a force that is out of a person's control. That is where I think the disease part comes from. And even as I say this, part of me rebels and says that no, addiction is just a set of choices to use drugs to an extreme. Christ, I remember the kid waffling on whether he should go get fixed at 11:30 on a work night, I told him that he should just go to bed. Before I knew it, he was gone, on a run for a few days. To leave was a choice he was aware of, and knew he shouldn’t have made the one he did, but he went anyway. I am rambling, par for the course I suppose.
As far as criminalizing, well, I never see the coherency or logic in the pro-criminalization arguments. They are a string of non-sequitors to me. Such as that if using is not illegal, usage will go up. I’d like to know how many people out there have turned down a line, or a shot, or a pill for the sole reason that it was illegal. Criminalization always feels like a poorly thought out impression, people hate the havoc that addiction wrecks on their lives, either directly or by proxy as in your case, therefore it should be illegal. I think that simpler mindset fuels a lot of public policy; someone should do something about that which makes us uncomfortable or hurts us and that someone when we are kids are parents and for adults the government. The liberty and the proper role of state authority considerations are not conceived of.
All this is to say, solidarity, IOZ. I think we are about the same age, and this is the age when people in our culture start realizing how short a time we have. Deeply sorry for your family’s loss.
I hope that the admonition to "detach with love" is helping your family. It's among the more useful advice that AA and its offshoots offers.
As far as the "disease model" of addiction goes, one of its nicer side effects was that it prodded the health insurance "industry" into paying for rehab and treatment.
-- sglover
My deepest sympathies man. Losing someone so young and unexpectedly is awful.
I've always advocated full legalization. It's the only rational approach from every angle.
Beautifully considered and written, IOZ, thanks for this.
I regret this happened to you and your family and appreciate your honesty in sharing it. But your brother's death was not the cops' fault. Even alluding to that negates the central premise that drug laws are ineffective: As you say, "The decision to pick up a drink, crush a pill, or do a line, is at last just that, and no law or lack thereof alters this basic and fundamental fact." The police could no more prevent your brother from meeting this end than your family.
I'm so sorry for your loss. I don't have much to add that could be construed as constructive, but what Montag said.
You know, my better half cleans out cars that are traded in at dealerships, and he finds all kinds of crazy things under the seats (rare coins, a Nintendo, a bottle of holy water). One day he came home with a 24-hour AA chip, and all I could think was, whoever left it in the car must never have gone back to another meeting. It's hard to get to a place of wanting to fix yourself.
IOZ, good luck in this tough time. Many condolences.
Keep up the good work.
erin4iraq, at no point is IOZ labeling the cops as the guilty party in this unfortunate event. I believe he is simply arguing that the police hold no intrinsic value in trying to deal with the actual problem. They represent an institutional power structure that is more concerned with profit margins, not curing those who are actually addicted. That is not to say that I believe that all police officers are evil in nature, just that the point that IOZ was trying to make has at some point in their lives slipped by them as it has you.
Thoreau said this, basically, but I'm going to repeat it because I want to say it.
I am sorry. I don't know what type of relationship you had with your brother. Then again, I can't imagine that that matters.
I have a number of personal reactions, which I suppose are pretty superficial and irrelevant. My own shit, people I've known, my being 26. In any case, it might all be projection, but I'm sorry. I've had a couple of family surprises (different branches, so there wasn't that much of a pattern). One relative's alcoholism blinded her to her cancer. My dad, ironically enough, was a total bastard to my brother and me, then became an alcoholic later in life and blamed everything on the drinking. He's in AA, now. He's better, but he's deluded, which I'm willing to accept, at long last. It's not a very good political education if you like easy answers. It's messy. Addiction is very human. Anyway, I'm sorry you have to go through it too. And I'm sorry for your brother. From what I've seen, addiction is, in itself, alienating and isolating. The shame only makes it worse, and state power doesn't achieve a goddamn thing by "getting tough" or whatever they call it.
Anyway, thank you for talking about this. I know that we're always talking about how life or this or that supersede politics, but political thought isn't something that should disregard the personal, the individual and tragic. All too often, we use our suffering or that of others to legitimize and justify a political stance. We use it for fodder, and that's sick and fucking low. But that doesn't mean that sensible and decent meditation on the personal can't assist one's philosophy. Personally, I think it's the greatest source of insight.
You write cogently and, here certainly, touchingly. I am astonished that you are able to put this terrible subject into words, but I am glad that you did. Maybe one day we'll be able to change things. In the meantime, I am very sorry that this has happened to you and your family.
I'm so sorry, IOZ.
Oh IOZ I am so sorry. So very sorry.
I am opposed to criminalisation, the Drug War (and many Drug War warriors are in the WH now) is insane.
An ER doc for 30 years told me he never saw greater devastation, in all forms, than from alcohol. I certainly have no desire to ban alcohol... prohibition is not the answer.
BUT certainly, big alcohol money is part of what fuels the supposed Drug War, delineates what is legal and what is not.
It is a horrible mess.
I am so sorry for the loss of your brother.
Hello, IOZ, I haven't posted in these parts for a long time, because my work Internet filter started blocking you.
You have my condolences. A roommate and good friend of mine was addicted maybe 10 years ago, so I have some slight idea of what you're talking about, but obviously not in as much depth as you. I feel for ya, man.
I've been around the addiction carousel a couple of times with my own brother, this last time with meth, which kept him in a state of psychosis for 18 months. And other family members have gone down that road, too.
I'll be 17 years sober this year. AA saved my life.
I'm sorry for your loss.
My condolences, but maybe writing helps deal with your loss.
What can I say? I am very sorry for your loss.
Addiction is a terrible dilemma. While I agree with your position about the horrid consequences and insanity of "the war on drugs", there is no escaping the fact that no one can help someone who is addicted unless they are willing to make that commitment on their own. Some manage it, often after they "hit bottom", but there are sharp rocks down there, and many lives are brutally dashed against them.
Please accept my condolences, and best wishes for your well-being.
Condolences sir, I'm sorry for your loss. Take care.
"While I agree with your position about the horrid consequences and insanity of "the war on drugs", there is no escaping the fact that no one can help someone who is addicted unless they are willing to make that commitment on their own."
this is a non-sequitur.
I'm sorry for your loss, IOZ.
Re addiction-as-disease, it's an interesting topic. Neil Pickering has a great and short book, Metaphor of Mental Illness, that shows how we might equally well conceive of, e.g., alcoholism as an old-school moral failing or as a mental illness, and that no empirical facts can settle the matter---not genetic correlates, not heritability, etc. One reason he gives is that anything that "disposes us toward" alcohol abuse in a statistical sense could equally well be said to "increase our susceptibility" to a "temptation." Moral vocabulary is always a choice, is the argument, if I recall correctly.
Another interesting point on this topic was made by Ian Hacking in Daedalus a few years ago: "Consider the well-publicized searches for a gay gene (typically in men) and an alcoholism gene. Those who hope for an alcoholism gene believe that the discovery will prove beyond all doubt that alcoholism is a disease or, at any rate, an innate disability. Those who hope for a gay gene believe that such a discovery will prove beyond all doubt that homosexuality is not a disease or a disability. Such contradictory pairings remind us that we are still in the adolescent phase of thinking about biosociality."
Lee,
Thank you. I have read the Pickering book and found it very good and interesting. The Hacking argument has been subsequently reproduced, and I find it rather crass. Those seeking a "gay gene," generally mean to suggest that sexuality may be shown to be a genetically predetermined characteristic, like eye or skin color, say. Those who are looking for an "alcoholic gene" are in fact usually looking for evidence of a genetic disorder. Both efforts seem somewhat suspect to me, but it also seems foolish to elide the difference between the two.
Sorry dude. I've not lost anyone closer to me than my grandparents, and I'm not looking forward to that day.
No justice, no peace.
I'm very sorry to hear about your loss. And I'm impressed, though not surprised, at your ability to write so cogently and eloquently about it.
I am sorry, IOZ. Thank you for writing about this.
I am sober now but I know that could change again on any day between today and the day I die.
IOZ,
If I've understood you, you think the crucial distinction between the "alcohol gene" and the "gay gene" is that the one would be a disorder while the other wouldn't. And I agree.
But it seems to me, most people who hanker after a "gay gene" usually do so because they'd like to make a stumper of an ought-implies-can argument against moralizing bigots; and if that's their goal, then it'd be question-begging for them to assert that the "gay gene" wouldn't be a disorder. The reason is that "disorder" is ultimately not an empirical category, but rather a normative one like "weed" or "vermin", rooted in some contestable idea of the good life and sensitive to our human aims. And whether gayness is part of the good life is precisely what their bigoted opponents dispute!
But this is probably a discussion for another day.
As it happens, my 29-year-old brother has suffered meth addiction, on and off. He's currently sitting in a county jail, soon to be shipped to a half-way house. He's been in and out of prison the last six years, and that's taken an awful toll on him. I'm not sure what his prospects are, but I'm grateful he has managed to keep alive so far. Our stupid drug and prison policies are not the whole of his problems, but they're a large part.
I'm very sorry for you loss. Thank you for sharing your story and your thoughts.
Our drug policies are seriously screwed up. We cannot suffer the moral taint of condoning drug use and are goaded by our fears that our loved ones will end up using drugs. The resulting system limits drug use, perhaps, but magnifies the trials of those that do end up using drugs.
Decriminalization, versus legalization, seems a viable path for us to follow.
Very sorry for your loss.
When as I say about my own drinking -- "If it was good enough to kill Grandpa, it's good enough to kill me" -- people have no idea how honest I am being. It did kill Gramps, was the bane of my youth when my Father was under it's spell, and it it's something I deal with through "rules" (no hard alcohol before 5, 1 max during week, limits on wine and beer . . .) that usually work but sometimes fail (night before last would come to mind if I could remember any of it).
Alcohol is as serious a drug as any that they've il-legalized, and predilection towards addition is clearly biological and inherited.... But I am in the pro-legalization of all drugs camp.
Thank you for your blog. You are a genius and word-smith.
I recently came accross your blog and have been reading along. I thought I would leave my first comment. I dont know what to say except that I have enjoyed reading. Nice blog. I will keep visiting this blog very often.
Patricia
http://forextradin-g.net
The dude is completely just, and there is no skepticism.
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