Wednesday, June 30, 2010

Why is there everything instead of only a few things?

Faced with the fundamental question: "Why is there something rather than nothing?" atheists have faith that science will tell us eventually. Most seem never to consider that it may well be a philosophic, logical impossibility for something to create itself from nothing. But the question presents a fundamental mystery that has bedeviled (so to speak) philosophers and theologians from Aristotle to Aquinas. Recently scientists have tried to answer it with theories of "multiverses" and "vacuums filled with quantum potentialities," none of which strikes me as persuasive. (For a review of the centrality, and insolubility so far, of the something-from-nothing question, I recommend this podcast interview with Jim Holt, who is writing a book on the subject.)

-Ron Rosenbaum
Oh, well, okay, they don't strike you as convincing. Oh, that settles it.

The question "why is there something rather than nothing" is evidently meant to invoke some kind of profound ontological and epistemological conundrum, but it is in fact mere fallacy masquerading as philosophy. Define something. Define nothing. Define rather than. Let me propose to you that nothingness as universal (uh, multiversal?) nonexistence is less than meaningless even if only meant as a glib converse to "all this shit, you know, like life and planets and stars and galaxies and stuff." It is the most elementary Aristotlean canard of the prime mover dressed up for an era with fancier mathematics. Ron Rosenbaum, you are regular-old ∞ in an א world.

While some atheists may evince confidence that scientific inquiry may one day explain the mechanisms through which reality came to existence or existence became real or what have you, atheism such as it is makes no claims about the matter. Atheism encompasses a single proposition: there is no deity or deities.

Now. Insofar as science has explained natural phenomena, it is a useful tool and method. Most atheists would agree. However, science has no opinion on the fundamental nature of being or the meaning of life. The scientific method is a means of inquiry, a system for developing descriptive, prescriptive, and predictive models of natural systems, not a means of answering all the questions that occur to you when you get stoned. Eat some fucking Doritos and chill the fuck out.

Agnosticism accords a weird respect to a plainly untrue proposition: that there is either a single supernatural entity or a pantheon of supernatural entities who somehow brought the universe into existence and, furthermore, continue to affect its workings, in particular, who take an actual and active interests in the goings-on of Homo sapiens. These supernatural entitities are either easily discounted and disproved (the God/s of Western "mono"theism) or else construed in such an attribute-less, indefinable, vague, and incoherent manner as to be fundamentally nonexistent anyway--indeed, it has become the bread-and-butter of the, uh, "new theists," to define god so broadly as to un-define him.

Personally, I do not think that human science will ever adequately account for the existence of existence, because I think that the question itself contains a category error. Nothing about this conviction of the limits of human knowledge implies the existence of divinity.

45 comments:

la Rana said...

I disagree with almost every single bit of this.

Nothing is just hard to define and comprehend, it's not a category error. This is like saying "spin" in quantum mechanics is a category error simply because languge and the human brain generally cannot make sense of it.

There is something rather than nothing because nothing is unstable.

Science is not a "thing."

The method of comparative ranking we either call logic or science or reason has already explained almost every single question that occurs to you when you get stoned.

Anonymous said...

"There is something rather than nothing because nothing is unstable."

the first part is tautology and the second part is senseless.

IOZ said...

"Spin" in quantum mechanics is a definable attribute. "Nothing" in the sense the question implies isn't just counterintuitive (cf., spin); it's nonsensical. It's not like it means "zero" or "a vacuum." Um, "the opposite of everything"? Puh-leeze.

And I do believe I called science a tool and a method.

Cüneyt said...

How is nothing unstable? Is nothing unstable because something is right next door and might enter nothing (like matter and a vacuum?), meaning that nothing has space? Or does nothing contain qualities that make it unstable? How can nothing be unstable, or indeed anything at all?

ts said...

I think Louis CK: has the best answer here.

Anonymous said...

This is why Ron Rosenbaum bugs the shit out of me. He's like the New Yorker bullshit artist you were just whining about. Presenting his writing as rigorous, challenging, and intellectual while also easily digested by anyone just randomly clicking on the internet. In reality his writing is full of holes that he fills up by railing against invisible enemies, creating logical fallacies, and these days with a few hyper links thrown in when he can't make a point himself.

la Rana said...
This comment has been removed by the author.
la Rana said...

No space, no time, no energy. No? Do you propose language falsifies physical concepts?

See here and here re: instability.

As an addendum, I say we "know" these things because they are the best answer we have, which is the same way we know anything else.

Jim Wetzel said...

"These supernatural entitities are either easily discounted and disproved ... "

Oh, well, okay, they're easily disproved. Oh, that settles it.

If the disproving is easy, it shouldn't take you more than a medium-length post to do it. And that'll free up a chunk of my weekends from now on. The easy discounting ... well, that sounds like a category error.

Anonymous said...

he's also a fucking name dropper extraordinaire.

David said...

If Rosenbaum phrased the question as it's really intended, "How do you explain existence if it wasn't created by a God who happens to share my personal biases and also issued these rules to live by, Mr. Smarypants Atheist?", it might be clear to him that it's not worth dignifying with a response.

CaptBackslap said...

Rosenbaum was also the guy who called anyone who disagrees with the thesis of Hitler's Willing Executioners a holocaust denier, and then called anyone who brought up the millions of non-Jewish victims a "holocaust relativist." He's a straight-up ideological bully.

Anonymous said...

I don't think Rosenbaum wrote Willing Executioners.

I'm quite certain he had his pro Iraq War columns from 2003 for the Observer scrubbed from the intertubes.

StonedTerrorist said...

Say what you will about the tenets of National Socialism, but at least its an ethos..

Gridlock said...

I'm quite partial to the simulated reality theory myself, but of course that's ultimately just a chicken and egg type avoidance strategy.

Knowing, not knowing, feh, what's the difference? I'm fairly sure we know that human misery is fucking wrong but 99% of humanity doesn't seem to give much of a shit.

I look forward to this guy's take on whatever comes out of the LHC. Assuming it's not demons and shit like in DOOM.

Pass me some of them Doritos?

rowan said...

Agnosticism is bullshit. Does anyone actually live their life to any practical effect on the proposition that there might be a God? They're just atheists with commitment issues.

drip said...

It's a complicated case. Lotta ins, lotta outs. Fortunately
I've been adhering to a pretty strict, uh, drug regimen to keep my mind, you know, limber.

Cüneyt said...

Whoa, whoa, whoa, Rana. That first link must be a mistake, because it sounds like bullshit to me. The central conceit is that nothing is a simple system, and simple systems in the universe are unstable?

THERE IS NO SYSTEM TO NOTHINGNESS. No snowflakes to melt, no energy to snap into being. You can't infer that shit from looking at nature, or even looking at the models of galaxy creation. In both of those cases, you have something in the middle of all that (not really) nothing. If nothingness contains something, even the seeds of something, even the dynamics (dynamics of what, precisely?) of something, then it contains something and thus is not nothingness at all.

Anonymous said...

PZ Myers already wrote about this column a couple days ago, Cuneyt. Go check that out if the "nothing is unstable" concept is bothering you.

Christopher said...

See, Atheists will tell you they're almost certain there's no god, whereas agnostics will tell you they are almost certain there is no god.

The fact that this has led to a massive theological split and quite a bit of animosity on both sides amuses me to no end.

Anyway, there's something wonderful about rejecting both atheism and religion because they're bad at something they never really claimed to be any good at. Neither atheism nor religion ever ran the one minute mile, and that's why I'm agnostic!

Anonymous said...

"There's Something and there's nothing...and then there's that third almost-thing, reflexively neither/nor."

"Don't you use that language around me, young man," said Mama Squirrel," and go fetch me some of them paradoxes, the tasty ones."

Jess said...

He should have said, "I don't believe in god(s), but I'm not an atheist because atheists are insufferable prattling tools."

Although in publishing such a monstrous rambling quivering pile of banality, he pretty much nails that definition of atheism too. I'm going to have to rethink my own "agnosticism".

Anonymous said...

woah. if the thoughts in this thread get any more advanced, the 16th century's gonna break out.

davidly said...

I am an atheist in the tradition of when they find out what god actually is, they're going to be bitterly disappointed. If not, I don't really give a fuck anyway.

Adam said...

I agree with you, particularly the last paragraph, and this statement:

Define nothing.

Honestly, there is no such thing as nothing because by definition it must be indefinable. Call it God or infinity or nothingness, it's the mystery of the universe that is inherently incomprehensible. None of the holy books, sacred rituals, or mathematical theories in the world can even begin to touch it.

Anonymous said...

"Honestly, there is no such thing as nothing because by definition it must be indefinable. Call it God or infinity or nothingness, it's the mystery of the universe that is inherently incomprehensible."


please, please stop. all of you, just stop and do something useful. or at least fun.

Nathan Wright said...

If the question "why is there something rather than nothing" makes you uncomfortable, it can be slightly restated: why is there order rather than disorder? Not sure how you can dodge that question so glibly, it seems pretty central to me.

To your comment of defining God so generally as to undefine him ... yeah, that's almost the definition of God, as least to my understanding. God is infinite, so any positive definition you can come up with is the wrong track. Nicholas of Cusa does this explicitly in De Docta Ignorantia.

Our science is off the fucking reservation when it comes to this stuff. Parallel universes, big bangs, infinite unseen dimensions... scientists accustomed to thinking in calculations are way out of their depth. If we were smart (hahahhah), we'd dedicate serious effort to understanding the history and philosophy of science.

Mohammed Al-Busaidi said...

I'm not unconvinced by your argument, but I am certainly unconvinced that there never being an "adequate(ly) account for the existence of existence" to make it unworthy for science, religion, or philosophy to make attempts to harmonize God into our 'common perception' simply because any attempt is defaultly (and I agree) false.

'Big religoun' would admit this, I believe, and provide solution in faith. A set of presumptions (some logical, some outlandish) that must be accepted before any foray into 'existence' is possible. Adequate or otherwise, one cannot deny that faith is emotionally palatable to a lot of people.

Perhaps it is philosophically sensible to dismiss this notion of emotion being relevant to 'truth' at all, but I think, it is not wise to say that religious people making a choice for sentimental return could ever be valid, as opposed to not making one, but being wise in not doing so and not being in any benefit for it (except ego) is as easily palatable (even to atheists).

Even though I am doubtful that most atheists chose to be so because it makes sense the way your argument does, but rather because they'd prefer there not to be a god, the same way religious people want there to be.

I don't know.

stras said...

Christ. Can anyone without a PhD in physics please shut up and stop pretending that skimming a couple wikipedia articles has given them special insight into quantum mechanics? Donny, you're out of your element.

Anonymous said...

"Why is there order rather than disorder? Not sure how you can dodge that question so glibly."

what the piss-christ are you people talking about?

Peter Ward said...

I'm with Wittgenstein on this one: Stop asking the question.

Science isn't meant to answer these questions and religion is hard to take seriously. The best thing is to come to terms with this fact and move on--it might be more interesting to figure out what this is so hard to do.

Cüneyt said...

Anon 3:51, Myers' article referred to la Rana's first link. I understand that simple systems do this, and that some models say that about the creation of the universe. And I acknowledge that these people are supposed to know what they're talking about, because they have educations, pay, and the respect of their communities professional and otherwise.

All the same, I haven't heard a decent explanation for how dynamics can emerge in a state of nothingness, but I acknowledge that I may be incapable of understanding the very worthy words of scholars.

Anonymous said...

I am that I am.

--donny.

Anonymous said...

"Personally, I do not think that human science will ever adequately account for the existence of existence..."

Wow, Edmund Husserl (by way of Karl Popper?)....but are they nihilists?

IOZ said...

Lol Nathan Wright. I like that you think calculations emerged from these things rather than vice versa.

Also, order. Oh, goody. Let's replace one vague and undefined quality with another. From a physical perspective, however, the answer is that order is both accidental and aberrant and entropy is the answer.

Dunc said...

Yeah, but have you ever really looked at your hands? I mean, like, really?

Nathan Wright said...

If entropy holds for the universe as a whole, then how have we come from a singularity (big bang) to the ridiculous order and complexity that we have now? It makes no sense to conclude entropy is a universal law. That we believe these things simultaneously speaks to the bankruptcy of our philosophy.

We have people moving numbers and equations around with no clue what they mean (*cough*string theory*cough).

Keifus said...

So, it is what it is then?

Also, nothing is what it isn't. But it isn't 'it isn't what it is'.

Anonymous said...

@Cuneyt

From a physics POV Universe's flatness means that its total energy is zero.

Capt'n Obvious

mistah charley, ph.d. said...

Because God made the stars to shine,
Because God made the ivy twine,
Because God made the sky so blue,
That is the reason why I love you.

Anonymous said...

All the same, I haven't heard a decent explanation for how dynamics can emerge in a state of nothingness

Isn't this a glorified generalization of "Buridan's Ass"?

And obviously how our host once had it:
A god that isn't GOD! is no God.

Capt'n O

Anonymous said...

I'd like to 2nd the Wittgenstein. It's just a language problem, not a philosophical problem.

Anonymous said...

dude, they're ALL language problems, and there are no philosophical ones.

"6.5 For an answer which cannot be expressed the question too cannot be expressed.
The riddle does not exist.
If a question can be put at all, then it also can be answered."

Anonymous said...

in contrast, from the actual linked article:

"Just because other difficult-seeming problems have been solved does not mean all difficult problems will always be solved."

Dr Wilhelm said...

What's it all mean Mr. Natural?

don't mean sheeeeeeeyit